PCP Academy — Sara Bedin
Active in the field since 2003

PCP Academy

Public Challenge Procurement

Public money can be a powerful driver of innovation or an invisible barrier to it. I work with public authorities on why and how that power can be efficiently used, with lasting impact, to solve the problems that matter for society and that markets alone will not solve.

I have spent over two decades working at the intersection of public policy, regulatory frameworks, and market innovation — not as an observer, but as someone who stays until the problem is solved.

My work is not consulting in the conventional sense. I engage with challenges that I believe are worth engaging with: structurally significant, demanding across legal, economic and institutional dimensions, and genuinely useful for citizens. I carry part of the weight until concrete results are achieved.

My main focus so far has been the demand side of innovation. For most of my career this has meant working on why and how public authorities can use their purchasing power to stimulate new solutions, open competitive markets, and avoid the lock-in and duplication that traditional incentive instruments produce.

I work primarily with public institutions — governments, regions, cities, European bodies, innovation agencies. I also work with companies that innovate and need to navigate the public procurement ecosystem as a market entry strategy.

I teach. I write. I engage in public debate when policy frameworks introduce unintended distortions — in markets or in the behaviour of actors — and when the issue is significant enough to warrant taking a position.

The core of the work

Innovation procurement is often uncritically reduced to pre-commercial procurement — applied beyond its proper scope and without the analytical rigour the instrument requires. The actual field is broader: it encompasses demand-side policy design, instrument selection, competitive market creation, and the governance of public investment across the full innovation cycle — all in service of one objective: innovation that is adopted, scaled, and used.

The question is never which instrument? — it is where the true and equitable benefit for the public sector and for society actually lies, and what kind of intervention produces durable and valuable change rather than isolated projects.

Principles, not statements

01
Saying is not doing. Doing is not solving.

Innovation policy generates more declarations than results. Every project must be designed to move from strategy to implementation to measurable impact — and must be evaluated on that basis alone.

02
Not every problem deserves a project

PCP Academy accepts assignments only when the challenge is structurally significant and the proposed intervention is genuinely capable of generating public value. Public resources must be directed at what truly matters.

03
Independence is non-negotiable

Analysis and recommendations are free from partisan agendas and market interests. The only objective is policy and interventions that work — legally, economically, operationally, and ethically. This sometimes means identifying where a policy needs to be corrected or improved.

04
Identifying gaps and correcting course is part of the job

Several engagements have consisted primarily in ensuring the legal consistency and correctness of frameworks that were built on assumptions that were unfounded or misaligned with the actual regulatory and economic context — particularly the confusion between funding instruments and procurement instruments, which carries real legal and competitive consequences.

05
Skin in the game

Delivery does not end with a report. PCP Academy stays through implementation, troubleshoots what goes wrong, and measures whether the policy objective was actually met. Results, not recommendations, are the deliverable.

06
Public value is the only measure

Innovation procurement is worth doing only if it opens markets to new solutions, removes barriers to innovation, and generates tangible benefit for citizens and institutions. Recognition matters only as evidence of that.

Before the answers, the right questions

Between 2004 and 2006, when European policy on innovation procurement was still being written, these questions were posed — to the European Commission, to public authorities beginning to experiment with demand-side instruments, and to the institutions that would eventually have to implement what the policy prescribed. They were not rhetorical. They required answers. Some of those answers took the form of legal frameworks, governance models, and operational guidelines. Others became programmes, evaluations, and procurement procedures. The questions remain the foundation of the work carried out today.

A field in formation. In 2006, pre-commercial procurement and public procurement of innovative solutions and cross-border procurement had no consolidated legal framework in most EU Member States, no measurement methodology, and no established governance models. The questions below were not rhetorical — they were genuine open problems.
2004 How do we guarantee open competition not only for access to public innovation contracts, but throughout the innovation process — at every stage of development?
2004 How do we make public expenditure genuinely contestable, so that new entrants and smaller innovators can compete on equal terms with established players?
2004 What are the structural paradoxes of traditional supply-side incentives — and how do we design around the redundancy, lock-in and duplication they produce?
2005 How do we solve the last-mile problem — the proliferation of prototypes that never reach deployment — and concentrate investment on actual uptake of innovation?
2005 What competences does a public service provider possess that no intermediary can replicate? Why is the domain expertise of the public authority irreplaceable in directing the innovation process?
2006 What can public authorities offer innovators that is more durable than grants — customers, not just money; a market, not just a project?
2006 How do we build a competitive market for innovation that persists after the programme ends, rather than collapsing when the funding stops?

A record — partial — of the work

The following is a selection of engagements. It is not exhaustive.

2003–05
Early benchmarking
First international benchmarking of demand-side innovation instruments

First structured international benchmarking of demand-side innovation instruments and the limits of traditional grant-based incentive models, including comparative analysis of the US SBIR model — conducted in collaboration with the US Small Business Administration, Washington DC — and the Australian and Japanese approaches to public demand-side innovation policy.

International benchmarkingComparative analysis
2006–08
Regional innovation — Valle d’Aosta
First regional PCP framework in Italy

Design of an early regional pre-commercial procurement framework for Valle d’Aosta Region, integrating demand-side innovation instruments with regional development strategies. Energy efficiency domain. Formal hearing before the European Commission on foundational questions of demand-side innovation policy — presenting and submitting the regional framework to independent institutional scrutiny.

Policy designRegionalEnergy
2009–10
EC recognition — best practice
First regional PCP governance model in Italy

Design of the first regional PCP governance model in Italy. The framework was subsequently recognised by the European Commission as a best practice in innovation procurement policy implementation.

Governance designEC recognition
2010–12
National level — Italian government
National PCP framework and operational guidelines

Strategic, legal and technical advice to the Italian Government (Department for Digitalisation and Technological Innovation) for introducing PCP into national research and innovation policy. Definition of the Italian PCP framework, operational guidelines, and contextualisation within ICT-specific regulations.

National policyLegal frameworkICT
2012
Legislation and publication
Decreto Crescita 2.0 and Italian PCP guidelines

Contribution to legislative acts integrating innovation procurement within Decreto Legge “Crescita 2.0”.

LegislationPublication
2013
Large-scale programme
National PCP funding programme — Convergence Regions

Expert support to the Italian Ministry for Universities and Research (MIUR) and the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE) for the design and implementation of a large-scale national PCP funding programme. Independent evaluation of more than 190 innovation challenges submitted by public administrations across Convergence Regions under the national call (DD 437/2013), within a programme initially funded by €150M.

Policy design & settingIndependent evaluation
2014–16
Structural Funds — Lombardy
First regional PCP policy and pilot in healthcare — end-to-end design and implementation — Lombardy

Legal and strategic advisory to Lombardy Region for integrating PCP and PPI instruments within EU Structural Funds co-funded Regional Operational Programmes, coherent with Smart Specialisation. First regional PCP in the healthcare sector financed on ordinary regional funds in Italy.

ERDFHealthcareSmart Specialisation
2015–17
Cross-border innovation procurement advisory
Poland and Czech Republic — national regulatory frameworks

Legal and policy advisory to the Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center (Poland) and the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic for contextualising PCP within national R&D and innovation regulatory frameworks, aligned with EU State Aid and competition rules.

Regulatory designPolandCzech Republic
2016–18
European Commission research
Strategic use of innovation procurement — European evidence studies

Contribution to major European Commission studies: Quantifying the Impact of PCP in the ICT Sector (SMART 2014/0009) and Strategic Use of Innovation Procurement (SMART 2016/0040). These studies helped establish European monitoring frameworks for innovation procurement policy.

Impact measurementPolicy settingICT
2017–20
European network — set-up and Secretariat
Procure2Innovate (P2I) — European Competence Centre network

Co-design and implementation of the P2I (Procure to Innovate) network, supporting the creation of National Competence Centres for Innovation Procurement across Europe. National action plans, sectoral strategies, and funding synergies. Appointed by BME to support the network Secretariat.

Network buildingEuropean coordination
2018–24
Regional — Sardinia / EIPA Award
Regional innovation procurement action plan — Sardinia

Strategic and legal support to Sardinia Region / Sardegna Ricerche for the design and implementation of a regional innovation procurement action plan integrated within Structural Funds programmes and Smart Specialisation strategies. This initiative received the European Innovation Procurement Award (2024).

Regional strategyStructural FundsAward 2024
2024
European recognition — two consecutive awards
European Innovation Procurement Awards 2024–2025

Two consecutive recognitions awarded at the Innovation Procurement Conference, organised by the Belgian Presidency of the Council of the EU in collaboration with the European Commission and the European Innovation Council.

EIC AwardBelgian Presidency
2024–25
DG Research & Innovation — EU-funded innovation procurements
Results and impacts of EU-funded innovation procurements

Assignment from the Directorate General for Research & Innovation to analyse the challenges, effectiveness and impacts of EU-funded PCPs and PPIs, to improve the design and roll-out of instruments in the next Framework Programme for R&I.

Impact analysisPolicy setting
22+Years in the field as a front-runner
80+Public procurers supported and enabled to buy innovation
22+EU Member States engaged
22+Innovation procurement initiatives designed and implemented end-to-end
250+Innovation needs and procurement projects evaluated
€250M+Public innovation investment designed or supported

The scope of the work

Instruments must be chosen with precision for each context. The first question is never which procurement instrument — it is whether procurement is the right instrument at all, where the public authority’s comparative advantage lies in the innovation chain, and which regulatory framework governs the intervention.

Demand-side instruments
Open market consultationPreliminary market engagement · need elicitation · PIN definition · state of art assessment · technology scouting · patent search · TRL analysis
Pre-commercial procurement (PCP)
Public procurement of innovative solutions (PPI)
Innovation partnerships (IP)
Needs analysis and description · strategy and tender design · selection and award criteria · tender documents · IPR management schemes · contract execution · risk management · results, outcomes and impact assessment
Public-private partnershipsContractual and IPRs management design
Demand aggregation and joint cross-border procurementTransnational joint and coordinated procurement frameworks, agreements and negotiation
European project design, management and reviewHorizon Europe · Life · EU4Health
Digital tools and platforms
E-procurement platform design and assessmentEnd-to-end architecture and functionalities
Contract management and reporting toolsCompliance and audit
Decision support systems (DSS)Scenario analysis · procurement decision support · risk allocation
Policy and regulation
Innovation procurement policy designEU, national and regional levels
Supply-side incentives and investment policyGrants, State Aid, R&D&I incentives
Regulatory and legal frameworksBenchmarking at national, EU and international level
Public-private partnershipsContractual and IPRs management design
Analysis and evaluation
Innovation needs analysisTRL assessment · technology scouting
Impact assessment and counterfactual analysisEx-ante and ex-post
European funding strategyStructural Funds · Horizon

Evidence that shapes policy

Original research, policy studies and publications that have informed and shaped the European debate on innovation procurement.

2025
Navigating Challenges and Unlocking the Potential of European Funding for Innovation Procurement to Support Innovation Scale-Up

Expert study examining the effectiveness, challenges and long-term impacts of EU-funded PCP and PPI initiatives, with focus on innovation scale-up. Commissioned by the European Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Directorate G — Common Policy Centre, Unit G1.

European Commission — ISBN 978-92-68-23182-1
2019
The strategic use of public procurement for innovation in the digital economy

Comparative analysis of national innovation procurement policy frameworks across EU Member States. Benchmarks policy adoption, proposes monitoring methodologies, and integrates results into European scoreboards (DESI, EDPR).

Contributing author — in: European Commission Study SMART 2016/0040 (PwC)
2015
Quantifying the impact of pre-commercial procurement in Europe based on evidence from the ICT sector

One of the first empirical assessments of the economic and technological impacts of PCP programmes. Covers methodology design, survey instruments, selection criteria, interviews with procurers and suppliers, and dataset analysis tools.

Bedin S., DeCarolis F. (Bocconi University), Iossa E. (Proxenter) — ISBN 978-92-79-51772-3
2014
Contribution to the public consultation on the EU R&D&I framework — Section 2.3

Policy contribution addressing the role of public procurement of research services, with focus on market access for new entrants and the design of competitive conditions in publicly-funded R&D contracts.

European Commission — State Aid R&D&I Framework 2014
2012
Gli appalti pre-commerciali — Istruzioni per l’uso

The first comprehensive operational guidelines for the introduction and implementation of pre-commercial procurement within the Italian public administration system.

Digital Agenda Italia — Pre-print version
★★ EIC
Award
2024

European Innovation Procurement Awards

Two consecutive recognitions — innovation procurement initiatives supported and designed by PCP Academy

The awards celebrate outstanding practices that leverage procurement to stimulate innovation and address major societal challenges across the European Union. The ceremonies took place at the Innovation Procurement Conference 2024 and 2025, hosted in Brussels by the European Commission and the European Innovation Council.

Recognition is not an objective. It is what happens when rigorous, independent work — done over many years, on the right problems — eventually produces results that others find worth noting.

Education as a responsibility

Teaching is not a secondary activity — it is one of the most consequential things PCP Academy does. At one end: senior public officials, procurement practitioners, and graduate students learning to think strategically about innovation policy and institutional change. At the other: primary and secondary school students encountering, often for the first time, the idea that economic and social systems can be understood, questioned, and changed. The thread connecting both is the same — building the capacity to ask the right questions, with the drive to pursue them and the rigour to act on the answers.

University and institutional programmes

Teaching innovation procurement — its legal, economic and strategic dimensions — to public officials, senior civil servants, procurement practitioners and graduate students. Programmes include:

  • SDA Bocconi — CERGAS — Innovation procurement in healthcare management (Master in Management per la Sanità)
  • Università di Torino with ANAC and SNA — Innovation procurement comparative law and practice (Master II level “Strategie per l’efficienza, l’integrità e l’innovazione nei contratti pubblici”)
  • Università LUM — School of Management — Innovation procurement policy
  • Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro — Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza, Economia e Sociologia
  • CEFPAS — Centro per la Formazione Permanente e l’Aggiornamento del Personale del Servizio Sanitario
  • CURSUS — Coordinamento Universitario Regionale per la Formazione Superiore in Salute e Sociale
  • Collegio Europeo di Parma
  • Inter-institutional European academy programmes (INSPIRE, HOOP, LEA projects)
  • Customised training programmes for senior public managers on procurement strategy, research and innovation incentive systems, and intellectual property valorisation models
  • Coaching and change management for public administrations implementing new instruments
  • Strategic and operational design of public communication — institutional events, conference facilitation

Young people — a different kind of engagement

The work with younger students — in financial literacy, law and economics, and international relations — is driven by a different motivation: the belief that proximity to complex real-world problems, early in an educational journey, changes how people think about institutions and about their own capacity to act within them.

The objective here is not only to transmit content. It is above all to prepare students to ask the right questions — and to understand why those questions are hard.

  • Italian state teaching qualification — law, economics, and international relations
  • Financial literacy programmes for primary and secondary school students
  • Design of practical and experiential training interventions — group dynamics, collaborative learning, financial and civic literacy for children and adolescents

Activities directed at young people are designed for minors but may be requested exclusively by adults — parents, teachers, and representatives of educational institutions and school bodies — who may contact PCP Academy directly to enquire about programmes and availability. No direct engagement with minors takes place outside of an institutional or parental framework.

A partial record of collaborations

European institutions
  • European Commission — DG Research & Innovation
  • European Commission — DG CONNECT
  • European Commission — DG REGIO
  • European Innovation Council
  • European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency (CINEA)
  • European Health and Digital Executive Agency (HaDEA)
National governments, ministries and agencies
  • Italian Government — Dept. for Digitalisation and Technological Innovation
  • Italian Ministry for Universities and Research (MIUR)
  • Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE)
  • Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center
  • Technology Agency of the Czech Republic
Regional authorities
  • Lombardy Region
  • Sardinia Region / Sardegna Ricerche
  • Valle d’Aosta Region
  • Friuli Venezia Giulia Region
European ecosystem
  • BME — German Association for Supply Chain Management, Procurement and Logistics
  • Procure2Innovate (P2I) — European network of National Competence Centres on innovation procurement

Where the work has been applied

PCP Academy has operated across a wide range of public service domains. The common thread is not the sector — it is the presence of a significant societal challenge that public demand, if correctly structured, can help solve.

Healthcare and telemedicine

Assistive technologies, hospital-acquired infection diagnostics, HEMS emergency services, pre-operative stress reduction, chronic disease monitoring.

ICT and public administration

E-government services, cloud computing for PA, e-procurement systems, smart metering.

Environment and decontamination

Soil decontamination (BRODISE, POSIDON projects — step-change in the sector), circular bioeconomy, waste management, environmental monitoring.

Energy

Renewable energy, wave energy conversion technologies, smart grids.

Circular economy

Urban organic waste recovery, wastewater valorisation and reuse, industrial symbiosis, circular public procurement frameworks.

Sustainable building and construction

Energy-efficient public buildings, building renovation, off-grid zero emission buildings.

Education and learning technologies

Personalised learning platforms for primary and secondary schools (LEA, IMAILE projects), mathematics and STEM innovation, educational publishing and edtech procurement frameworks.

Water and resource management

Smart water metering (SMART.MET), lagoon and aquatic ecosystem management, integrated water resource governance, utility innovation procurement.

I work on problems worth solving — not on all problems.

If you are working on a structurally significant challenge in innovation procurement, public demand policy, or the design of programmes that connect public institutions to emerging technologies — a conversation is the right place to start.

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